The Montgomery boycotts were also about changing a policy or law rather than attempting to punish an individual. Their goal was to make a positive change and to right a wrong rather than exact retribution. I don’t think that anyone is arguing that boycotting is bad as a concept.
And I suspect that the retributive nature of many of these cases is what bothers reasonable folks.
Almost all the cases cited in this thread have been about enacting vengeance and punishing a transgression. That’s not so terrible on its face, as fear of public shaming isn’t necessarily a bad thing for a society.
But the false positives like the poor bike-commuter the other month are terrible due to the sheer size of the platform. In this case, the bad guy was caught and received what was likely righteous comeuppance for his transgressions… but not before two other innocents also had their lives and jobs threatened. More below.
You’re doubtless correct that the same impetus that drives tribal shunning is the same that drives an modern “Cancel Event”, but scale matters.
Shaming a tribal member and giving him or her a smack-down to accentuate the tribe’s majority opinion works pretty well for small groups with few secrets. It falls down pretty hard when you start dealing with big towns or cities – mob justice has a bad rap because of how easy it was to whip the crowd into a murderous rage over comparatively small transgressions or have the mob hijacked by folks with less-than-pure goals. That’s why we developed legal systems.
The Internet is kind of at the core of this debate, regardless of whether the base instincts predated it or not. Getting literally millions of people spun up about something is trivial with the reach of Twitter, Reddit, Facebook, etc. And the enforcement of the Internet mob’s desires are often instantaneous and permanent, even if the charge is later found to be without merit or the punishment is far out of proportion to the “crime”.
Do I have an answer? No, I do not.
Lines need to be drawn somewhere, and the Internet HATES lines, especially fuzzy ones. A politician is presented with a picture of him in blackface. Should he resign in disgrace? Well, if the picture was from last week, yeah he should. If the picture was back from when he was four years old, then no he should not. Somewhere between those extremes is the “right” answer.
The problem is that the Internet will almost always draw that line too far to the retributive side and it’s hard for most people to weather the resulting storm… unless they are the Governor of Virginia.