Nidhogg’s a sword-fighting game with one-hit kills. Totally different aesthetic and maybe more of a platformer than a fighting game though.
Just read this article about a game that hopes to fill that void. I’m kind of skeptical since I don’t think SimGolf was really about managing a golf course (I saw it more as a commentary on the nature of game design) and without Meier around that aspect of it is probably lost, but who knows, it might be good.